The type of approach we take to the image depends on the field of observation and study: scientific for mathematicians and computer scientists, aesthetic for philosophers or art theorists, historical or sociological if we are interested in its evolution and uses, psychological or metapsychological when it involves psychic phenomena of representation or reception, mediological if we examine the evolution and impact of its different supports, etc. This work is dedicated to the study of the modes of production of meaning through the signs that are put into play in the fixed visual image, leaving aside the image in sequence, the mental image, and even the acoustic or linguistic image, for example. Complementing the necessary theoretical references, a more complete and relativized presentation of the semiotic approach to the image was essential, in order to allow not only a more in-depth study of the specificity of the task through the history of its development, but also to sift with greater precision the possibilities of interpretation and reflection, both retrospective and prospective, that it offers. This work proposes to develop the way in which the semiology of the image helps to understand the significance or production of meaning through the fixed visual image.